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David M. Brown, P.E., CGWP
Treasurer / Principal Engineer
David Brown is a project manager with over 25 years
of experience in environmental engineering and
remediation. He applies his expertise in civil
engineering and design, groundwater hydrology,
modeling, chemistry, laws and regulations, and
management to help clients achieve a rational
reconciliation between their regulatory and
financial objectives.
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Experience
Intermodal Hazardous Waste Transfer Station:
Mr. Brown designed a truck-to-rail transfer station for
hazardous waste. The project included a truck ramp,
platform, and hopper spanning a rail spur. A
pre-engineered fabric-covered frame building covers the
entire operation. Other design aspects included deep
pile foundations due to subsurface peat deposits,
concrete foundations and pile caps, site grading,
electrical, ventilation, and operations.
Fast-Track Remediation:
Mr. Brown performed fast-track remediation of a spill of
styrene and phenol from an AST at a chemical
manufacturing facility where the secondary containment
system also failed. The project involved removal of
concrete slabs, contaminated subbase, and contaminated
underlying clay. The clay prevented the contaminants
from impacting groundwater. Post-excavation samples
showed that the remaining soils meet Pennsylvania Act 2
statewide health standards. However, the subbase below
the ASTs contained some compounds in concentrations
exceeding groundwater protection standards. Mr. Brown
designed and supervised installation of a concrete and
compacted clay cap system to eliminate the soil to
groundwater exposure pathway.
In-Situ Bioremediation:
Mr. Brown designed and managed an in-situ groundwater
bioremediation system to treat soil and groundwater from
a UST release. The system used bioaugmentation and
time-release oxygen socks to remove gasoline
constituents from impacted soil and groundwater.
UST Corrective Action:
Mr. Brown manages and performs technical, financial, and
regulatory aspects of UST corrective action at several
service stations and industrial sites. Mr. Brown has
designed and implemented pathways to closure on numerous
sites. Site characterization tasks include surface
geophysical surveys, Geoprobe soil and groundwater
sampling, monitoring well installation and groundwater
sampling, and surveying. Interim remedial action tasks
include soil excavation and disposal and product removal
by hand bailing, automated product removal system design
and installation, and regular high vacuum enhanced fluid
recovery events. Remedial technologies employed at the
sites include bioremediation, soil vapor extraction,
bioslurping, air sparging, excavation and disposal,
groundwater extraction, air stripping, and activated
carbon adsorption.
Gasoline Pipeline Spill:
Mr. Brown headed engineering aspects of the emergency
response to a 250,000 gallon gasoline spill at a pipe
line terminal. This included excavation of numerous
test pits and Geoprobe boreholes to track the subsurface
migration of the gasoline, installation of nested soil
and bedrock monitoring wells to identify groundwater
impacts, creation of a hydrogeologic conceptual model to
explain the observed product migration patterns,
preparations to pump accumulated rainwater from a
contaminated sedimentation pond , and construction of an
active vapor recovery barrier on the ground surface to
prevent migration of carcinogenic and explosive vapors
from the site to a nearby community.
Compressor Station Remediation:
Mr. Brown designed and managed a turnkey remedial action
at a natural gas compressor station to remove and
dispose of soils impacted with hydraulic and lubricating
oils. The project was completed on time and within the
budget.
Aviation Fuel Farm Design/Build:
Mr. Brown designed a fuel farm and containment dike for
a business aviation center at an international airport.
The design included laying out four 40,000-gallon Jet-A
tanks, a 12,000-gallon aviation gasoline tank, a
2,000-gallon motor gasoline tank, a 2,000-gallon diesel
fuel tank, and a 550-gallon waste tank. A recessed
concrete containment dike was designed to contain
spills. Bulk loading and unloading pads were included
to drain into the containment area. A pumping pad was
designed to move bulk Jet-A fuel at 400 gpm. Mr. Brown
prepared all required state, county, and local plans and
permits and prepared complete plans and specifications
for construction. Mr. Brown managed the installation of
the concrete system and the AST installation and piping.
Facility Decommissioning:
Mr. Brown designed and managed the decontamination and
closure of an electrical conduit manufacturing facility.
Activities included asbestos removal; testing, removal,
and disposal of miscellaneous liquids discovered in pits
and vaults; cleaning and decommissioning of ASTs, USTs,
and miscellaneous structures; soil and groundwater
sampling; removal and disposal of acid-contaminated
concrete and subsurface soil below a zinc plating line;
analysis of United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission
regulations pertaining to handling of minor amount of
nuclear source material; negotiations with the West
Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP);
and preparation of a closure report. The project was
completed to the satisfaction of the buyer, seller, and
WVDEP.
Cooling Pond Design:
Mr. Brown designed and managed the construction of an
oil/water separator and cooling pond at a plastics
manufacturer in Southeastern Ohio. The discharge
included non-contact cooling water and stormwater from
roof drains. As such, the separator design was
dominated by the high flows and the cooling pond design
was dominated by the low flows. The system is operating
successfully.
Chemical Plant Acquisition:
Mr. Brown managed a Phase II environmental site
assessment for the purchaser of a chemical plant in
Western Pennsylvania. This included installation and
sampling of monitoring wells in a former waste burning
area, construction oversight of the removal of a former
UST that was being used as an SPCC containment
structure, and technical assistance in indemnity
negotiations with the seller.
Airport Remediation:
Mr. Brown managed and performed the final phase of
remediation at the site of a fuel farm spill. The
project included dewatering a groundwater interceptor
trench that had been used to contain and separate a jet
fuel release. The dewatering effluent was treated and
pumped to the sanitary sewer under a permit. In
addition, the sludge remaining in the trench was
transported to a solidification facility, where it was
mixed with cement kiln dust and landfilled.
Slurry Wall Investigation:
For a confidential coke manufacturer, Mr. Brown managed
geotechnical and geochemical subsurface investigations
for a proposed slurry wall installation around a coal
tar lagoon. The information was used to design the
depth and location of the slurry wall so as to contain
the majority of the coal tar deposits and to key into
weathered bedrock. Samples were collected from slag and
lime sludge deposits to evaluate the geochemical
compatibility of those materials with the proposed
monosodium bentonite slurry and soil/bentonite wall
materials.
Innovative Pumping Test:
For a confidential electronics manufacturer, Mr. Brown
designed, implemented, and analyzed an innovative
aquifer pumping test at an operating municipal wellfield
potentially threatened by a plume of dissolved
trichloroethylene in groundwater. The test was analyzed
using computer-assisted superposition techniques.
Hazardous Waste AST Replacement:
Mr. Brown managed and implemented the replacement of a
25,000-gallon AST used to store spent activated carbon.
The old tank was cleaned and the sludge contained in a
sludge box and transported to a TSDF. Then, the tank
appurtenances were removed and the tank was demolished
in place. Finally, the new tank was placed and
reconnected to pumps, piping, and gauges and a new
ladder and catwalk were installed. The entire project
was performed within a 7-day plant shutdown period
without impacting plant operations.
Groundwater Pumping and Treatment:
Mr. Brown created a three-dimensional model of
groundwater flow model at a confidential solid waste
landfill in Maryland where trichloroethylene had
impacted groundwater. The model was used to design a
groundwater extraction, treatment, and reinjection
system. Mr. Brown managed the preparation of plans and
specifications and assisted the client in bidding and
construction management.
Landfill Permitting:
Mr. Brown created a three-dimensional model of
groundwater flow at a municipal landfill in Eastern Ohio
constructed in a former limestone strip mine. The model
was used to predict the maximum water table elevation
that would occur if headwall dewatering pumps were
turned off. This information, in turn, was used to
design expansion phases of the landfill so that the
required 15-foot buffer distance between the water table
and recompacted soil base would always be maintained.
The client stated that the model was instrumental in
allowing them to obtain their permit to install the
expansion phases.
Risk Management Plans:
Two perishables warehouses both used more than 10,000
pounds of ammonia in their refrigeration systems,
causing them to be regulated under the USEPA's new risk
management regulations. Mr. Brown worked with facility
safety and engineering to identify process hazards for
the process safety management programs; calculated
potential off-site consequences of an ammonia release
and prepared emergency response plans for both
facilities detailing procedures for minimizing the
effects of an ammonia release; and helped plan and
conduct public meetings to convey the contents of the
plans to interested parties.
Expert Testimony:
For a citizens' lawsuit opposing the permitting of a
project to spray municipal sewage onto agricultural
field, Mr. Brown provided expert testimony regarding a
ground water flow model that the permittees' consultant
had constructed. Their model purported to show that the
additional ground water recharge due to the irrigation
would not cause significant water table mounding.
Mr. Brown used simple "back of the envelope"
calculations to demonstrate fatal flaws in the ground
water model. If the project had been constructed,
Mr. Brown showed, the water table would have risen to
the point that springs would form and the sprayed
irrigation would run off directly into the nearby
surface waters.
Air Pollution Controls:
For a confidential manufacturer of rubber gaskets and
seals for the automotive industry, Mr. Brown designed
air pollution control equipment consisting of cooling
coils and an electrostatic precipitator to reduce
visible opacity emissions from curing ovens.
Construction drawings were prepared, including
structural steel specifications and details.
UST Upgrades and Change-in-Service:
Mr. Brown designed and prepared plans and specifications
for the upgrade to two 10,000-gallon fiberglass USTs.
The upgrades included spill/overfill protection,
double-walled plastic piping, new dispensers and
islands, electronic leak detection and inventory
control, and a card reader fuel management system. One
of the tanks was also changed from gasoline to diesel
fuel service.
Superfund Remedial Investigation:
Mr. Brown was the remedial investigation field
operations leader at the Norwood PCB Superfund Site, in
Norwood, Massachusetts. The investigation included
drilling, sampling, surveying, and on-site PCB analyses
using a mobile laboratory. OSHA performed a site
inspection, which was passed without citation.
Mr. Brown wrote the work plan, quality assurance project
plan, the remedial investigation report, and the
feasibility study report. The USEPA Region I later used
the remedial investigation report as a model for
subsequent projects to emulate.
Superfund Feasibility Study:
Mr. Brown co-wrote the feasibility study report for the
Pinette's Salvage Yard Superfund Site, in Presque Isle,
Maine. For this project, Mr. Brown calculated allowable
maximum soil contaminant levels for protection of
groundwater. This method was subsequently incorporated
by the USEPA in a compendium of examples of such
calculations.
Trichloroethylene UST:
Mr. Brown designed and implemented an investigation to
determine the rate and extent of migration of
trichloroethylene from a UST at a confidential computer
manufacturer in Massachusetts.
Slurry Wall Optimization Modeling:
Mr. Brown created a three-dimensional ground-water flow
model for the Gilson Road Superfund Site, in Nashua, New
Hampshire. In addition, he designed, implemented, and
analyzed an aquifer pumping test in highly fractured
bedrock. The test and model were used to evaluate the
in-place bulk hydraulic conductivity of a soil/bentonite
cutoff wall that had been constructed to contain highly
contaminated groundwater. In addition, the model was
used to optimize pumping and recharge rates inside the
containment system so that hydraulic gradients across
the cutoff wall would always remain inward while
minimizing the average flow rate of groundwater
requiring treatment.
Education
- M.S. Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1984
- B.S. Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1981
Training
- Dale Carnegie Leadership Training Institute
- 40-Hour Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
- 8-Hour Annual Refreshers Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
- DOT 4-Hour Supervisory Substance Abuse Training
- MSHA Mine Site Operations and Safety
- American Red Cross First Aid and CPR
- Air Dispersion Modeling Short Course
- Petroleum Hydrocarbon LNAPL Short Course
Affiliations
- American Society of Testing and Materials
- American Geophysical Union
- National Ground Water Association
Publications
- Brown, D. M., Stochastic Analysis of Flow and
Solute Transport in a Variable-Aperture Rock
Fracture, M.S. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 1984.
- Brown, D. M., and L. W. Gelhar, The Hydrology of
Fractured Rocks: A Literature Review, Ralph
M. Parsons Laboratory, Report No. 304, 1984.
- Barvenik, M. J., D. M. Brown, T. J. Kern, and
M. A. Sills, Evaluation of Cutoff Wall
Containment Efficiency Using Aquifer Stress Analyses
- Gilson Road NPL Site - Nashua, New Hampshire,
in Land Disposal, Remedial Action, Incineration, and
Treatment of Hazardous Waste, Proceedings of the
Twelfth Annual Research Symposium, Cincinnati, Ohio,
1986.
- Brown, D. M., The Fidelity Fallacy,
Groundwater, 30(4), pp. 482-483, 1992.
- Brown, D. M., R. A. Stanley, and D. A. Edmonds,
Groundwater Modeling in Support of Siting a
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in a Former Limestone
Quarry, in Proceedings of the Sixteenth
International Madison Waste Conference, Madison,
Wisconsin, 1993.
- Brown, D. M., Reducing Modeling Uncertainty
Using ASTM Ground-Water Modeling Standards in
Subsurface Fluid-Flow (Ground-Water and Vadose Zone)
Modeling, ASTM STP 1288, J. D. Ritchey and
J. O. Rumbaugh, eds., American Society for Testing
and Materials, Philadelphia, 1996.
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